The move puts approximately 530,000 migrants in jeopardy of deportation. The parole program, designed to afford temporary status for humanitarian reasons, was previously intended to allow such individuals to live and work in the U.S. for two years. In a dissenting opinion, Justices Ketanji Brown Jackson and Sonia Sotomayor expressed concern over the impact on the lives of half a million migrants as they face the uncertainty of legal claims being reviewed by the courts.

The Trump administration had previously made efforts to eliminate such protective measures, leading to an emergency appeal to the Supreme Court after a federal judge in Massachusetts ruled against ending the programme. White House Deputy Chief of Staff Stephen Miller characterized the ruling as a just intervention, stating that it opens the door for deporting what he dubbed "invaders."

Opponents of the ruling, which includes various immigrant rights organizations, argue it exposes migrants to significant dangers, including persecution and death, should they be forcibly returned to their countries. This follows another recent Supreme Court decision allowing the termination of Temporary Protected Status (TPS) for around 350,000 Venezuelan migrants already in the U.S. Historically, humanitarian parole has provided refuge for immigrants fleeing violence and instability, with roots reaching back to the 1960s during political upheaval in Cuba.