Syria After Assad: Navigating New Challenges Amidst a Fragile Peace

Mon Dec 08 2025 13:15:12 GMT+0200 (Eastern European Standard Time)

A year after the fall of President Bashar al-Assad, Syria finds itself grappling with renewed tensions and the search for stability under the leadership of interim president Ahmed al-Sharaa.

Following the removal of Assad from power, Syria has seen a significant transformation, led by Ahmed al-Sharaa. However, the nation faces new challenges including sectarian tensions, lack of infrastructure, and a precarious political situation. While the country has shed the oppressive weight of the Assad regime, rebuilding efforts remain hampered and tensions simmer.

A year ago, the war that President Bashar al-Assad seemed to have won was turned upside down.

A rebel force had broken out of Idlib, a Syrian province on the border with Turkey, and was storming towards Damascus. Led by Ahmed al-Sharaa, formerly known as Abu Mohammed al-Jolani, this new leadership marks a shift in the Syrian political landscape.

While the immediate feelings of relief are palpable in the absence of the Assad regime, Syria remains a country in ruins. In discussions over the past ten days, I observed that many people reside in skeletal buildings left devastated by war.

Sharaa's ascent to power has been marked by a pragmatic shift, advocating for a government that represents all Syrians including various religious sects. Despite winning some international recognition, including diplomatic engagements with the US, Sharaa must contend with significant challenges at home.

The Kurds in the northeast and the Druze in the south assert their autonomy, complicating Sharaa's ability to unify the country. On the coast, where the Alawite community fears retaliation for their past affiliations, tensions also persist.

The human rights situation remains precarious, with reports of violence continuing in the wake of Assad's fall. The UN human rights office has called attention to the slow pace of justice for past crimes, emphasizing that while progress has been made, many issues remain unresolved.

As Sharaa navigates his new role, he faces a daunting task of stabilizing a fractured society while the threat of extremism lingers. His overtures to the West have led to some easing of sanctions, yet the rebuilding of Syria will depend on broader security and reconciliation efforts.

The future of Syria, as expressed by many citizens, is clouded with uncertainty. Issues of safety and basic needs overshadow the optimism of change, leaving many families worried for their children and their future.

'We want peace of mind,' stated Umm Mohammad, stressing the urgent need for safety and stability in their lives.

While the removal of the Assads has lightened the oppressive atmosphere, Syria's road to recovery appears long and fraught with challenges yet to be resolved.