India's capital Delhi woke up to a toxic haze as air quality worsened after the Hindu festival of Diwali, despite a court directive to use less polluting crackers.
People in the city and its suburbs burst crackers late into the night, defying the court's order to use only 'green' fireworks for a limited period. Delhi, notoriously polluted year-round due to vehicular emissions and dust, saw air quality dip further leading to an air quality index (AQI) of 360 on October 21, which is classified as 'very poor.'
While levels between 101 and 200 are moderate, those reaching above 400 are deemed 'severe.' The World Health Organization suggests PM 2.5 exposure over 24 hours should not exceed 15 micrograms, yet Delhi's measurements in certain areas reached 24 times higher. The city’s pollution problem typically worsens in winter months due to crop burning in surrounding states and stagnant weather conditions that trap emissions.
Since 2020, firecrackers have been banned in Delhi during Diwali, but with recent relaxed regulations allowing 'green crackers', there was still widespread use of traditional ones. Critics believe that even the new regulations failed to prevent harmful emissions. Reports indicate that traditional firecrackers were readily available in shops, and the noise from fireworks continued well past the allowed times.
The air quality issues were compounded with the invocation of the Graded Response Action Plan (GRAP), which includes restrictions on diesel generators and coal burning in hopes of improving conditions. Residents described the familiar smell of burning charcoal and dwindling visibility, showcasing the harsh realities of pollution faced in the capital.
Experts express concern that leniency towards firecracker regulations threatens the progress made in raising awareness about air pollution's dangers. As the smog and poor air quality persist, many residents remain resigned to the situation, voicing their struggles with outdoor activities as pollution levels soar.
