Recent findings from Australian mathematicians challenge the longstanding belief that monkeys could eventually write Shakespeare's works given infinite time.
Monkeys and Shakespeare: The Myth of Infinite Typing Debunked

Monkeys and Shakespeare: The Myth of Infinite Typing Debunked
New research shows that the infinite monkey theorem is less likely than previously thought.
In a groundbreaking study, Australian mathematicians Stephen Woodcock and Jay Falletta have dismantled the well-known "infinite monkey theorem," which claims that a monkey randomly pressing keys for eternity could eventually type the complete works of William Shakespeare. According to their peer-reviewed research, the time required for a monkey to replicate Shakespeare's plays, sonnets, and poems far exceeds the current estimated lifespan of the universe.
While the theorem has been used to illustrate concepts about probability and randomness for decades, Woodcock and Falletta argue that it is misleading. They calculated the typing potential of a single monkey and expanded their research to include the global population of about 200,000 chimpanzees. Their results were staggering: even if every chimp was typing at one key per second until the universe's end, the chances of producing any coherent writing remain infinitesimal. The study revealed that a chimp has just a 5% probability of typing the word "bananas" in its lifetime, with the chance of creating a random yet complete sentence estimated at one in 10 million billion billion.
“We conclude that the idea of monkeys as a viable tool for producing significant literary contributions is implausible,” the researchers stated. Their calculations were based on the widely accepted heat death hypothesis, a theory explaining how the universe will gradually fade away in a slow and cold demise.
Woodcock further emphasized the significance of their findings, comparing the theorem to other probability puzzles where the notion of infinite resources fails to align with the practical constraints of our universe. Their research ultimately reframes how we understand probability in infinite scenarios and calls for a reevaluation of the validity of the infinite monkey theorem.