Chamberlain's rise to fame began in 1961 as Dr James Kildare on the medical drama Dr Kildare, which drew vast audiences and established him as a heartthrob of the era. His portrayal of the character garnered him significant accolades, being named the most popular male star by Photoplay magazine for three consecutive years. Later triumphs included leading performances in the mini-series Shogun, where he played a western prisoner, and The Thorn Birds, a Catholic priest struggling with love, which controversially captured 60% of the US television audience at its peak, alongside 16 Emmy nominations.

Though celebrated as a romantic star on screen, Chamberlain's personal life was famously private; it wasn’t until he published his memoir, Shattered Love, in 2003 that he publicly disclosed his sexuality. He shared experiences of escorting actresses to events, driven by fears regarding how disclosing his identity might impact his career. Despite his long-term relationship with Rabbett ending in separation in 2010, the two maintained a close bond until his passing.

Born March 31, 1934, in Beverly Hills, California, Chamberlain was the younger son of a challenging household. His father was a salesman with struggles of alcoholism who later became active in Alcoholics Anonymous. Chamberlain initially pursued a career in painting but found his passion for acting through college theatre before serving in the Army. His breakthrough in acting came after returning home, earning him various roles leading up to his iconic portrayal of Dr Kildare. Later in life, he openly discussed the psychological struggles from his childhood and his relief at living authentically as a gay man.