Unveiling the Harsh Reality of Domestic Workers in Saudi Arabia

Despite the promise of better opportunities, many East African women face horrific conditions as domestic workers in Saudi Arabia, including physical abuse and death. Investigative findings shed light on a troubling trade and the consequences of inadequate labor protections.

In many regions, working as a housekeeper or nanny typically represents a secure career path. However, during our extensive travels through Kenya and Uganda—from bustling urban centers to remote rural settlements—we encountered a disturbing pattern of narratives. The tales shared with us were often filled with despair: healthy young women who embarked on journeys to secure domestic employment in Saudi Arabia instead returned to their homeland battered, injured, or, tragically, in caskets.

Recent reports indicate that at least 274 Kenyan women have died in Saudi Arabia over the past five years, with a sobering increase to 55 fatalities last year alone. Many of these deaths raise critical questions, as autopsies reveal alarming findings—a Ugandan woman exhibited severe bruising and possible electrocution; her death was nonetheless categorized as “natural.” Additionally, numerous accounts involve women plummeting from high places such as rooftops or balconies.

This distressing reality unfolds within an established industry, where thousands of East African women are recruited, trained by reputable agencies, and sent to Saudi Arabia under the auspices of governmental regulations. While advocates for workers often point to antiquated Saudi labor laws as contributing to the distressing conditions, our investigation sought to uncover deeper issues at play.

The allure of a brighter future often transitions into a deeply unsettling nightmare for these workers. Over a significant period, we spoke with more than 90 affected women and their relatives, delving into employment contracts whenever possible. This exploration not only illuminated individual stories of suffering but also highlighted systemic issues perpetuating this cycle of exploitation.